Reinforcing compliance with non-drug-related activities.

Contingency management (CM) procedures, that provide incentives for specific behaviors, are efficacious in treating substance use disorders. Typically, CM interventions reinforce submission of urine specimens negative for the targeted drug(s) of abuse, but other behaviors can be reinforced as well, such as compliance with non-drug-related activities. This article describes 1,059 activities chosen by 46 subjects participating in one of two CM studies. The most frequently chosen activities were related to recreational activities (going to movies, library, or church) and sobriety (attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, completing worksheets). Over 95% of subjects participated in at least one of these types of activities, and together they accounted for over 70% of the activities selected. Over half the subjects participated in at least one activity related to employment, health, family, and personal improvement, such as applying for a job, attending a medical appointment, taking their child to an event, or creating weekly to-do lists. A detailed description of activity selection and verification procedures may assist in developing consistent approaches across treatment settings, and future research may evaluate further the efficacy of this contingency management approach in treating substance abusers.